最高人民法院关于原判无期徒刑未剥夺政治权利的罪犯减刑时应否剥夺政治权利问题的批复

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国务院


国务院关于口岸开放的若干规定(附英文)

1985年9月18日，国务院

规定
随着我国对外贸易、国际交往和旅游事业的发展，将进一步开放新的口岸。为加强口岸开放的审批工作，特制定本规定。
一、本规定所指口岸是供人员、货物和交通工具出入国境的港口、机场、车站、通道等。口岸分为一类口岸和二类口岸。一类口岸是指由国务院批准开放的口岸（包括中央管理的口岸和由省、自治区、直辖市管理的部分口岸）；二类口岸是指由省级人民政府批准开放并管理的口岸。
二、口岸的开放和关闭，由国务院或省级人民政府审批后公布执行。
三、凡开放口岸，应根据需要设立边防检查、海关、港务监督、卫生检疫、动植物检疫、商品检验等检查检验机构，以及国家规定的其他口岸机构。
四、两类口岸的具体划分：
（一）以下为一类口岸：
1、对外国籍船舶、飞机、车辆等交通工具开放的海、陆、空客货口岸；
2、只允许我国籍船舶、飞机、车辆出入国境的海、陆、空客货口岸；
3、允许外国籍船舶进出我国领海内的海面交货点。
（二）以下为二类口岸：
1、依靠其他口岸派人前往办理出入境检查检验手续的国轮外贸运输装卸点、起运点、交货点；
2、同毗邻国家地方政府之间进行边境小额贸易和人员往来的口岸；
3、只限边境居民通行的出入境口岸。
五、报批程序：
（一）一类口岸：由有关部（局）或港口、码头、车站、机场和通道所在地的省级人民政府会商大军区后，报请国务院批准，同时抄送国务院口岸领导小组、总参谋部和有关主管部门。
（二）二类口岸：由口岸所在地的人民政府征得当地大军区和海军的同意，并会商口岸检查检验等有关单位后，报请省级人民政府批准。批文同时送国务院口岸领导小组和有关主管部门备案。
六、报批开放口岸应附具下列资料：
（一）对口岸开放进行的可行性研究报告，以及口岸的基本条件、近三年客货运量、经济效益和发展前景的资料。
（二）根据客货运输任务提出的有关检查检验单位、口岸办公室、中国银行等机构设置和人员编制方案。
（三）检查检验场地和办公、生活设施等规划，以及投资预算和资金来源。
七、对外开放前的验收：
（一）新开放的口岸，在开放前必须对其交通安全设施、通信设施、联检场地、检查检验等单位的机构设置和人员配备，以及办公、生活设施等进行验收。验收合格后，才能宣布开放。
（二）一类口岸，由国务院口岸领导小组办公室负责组织验收；二类口岸，由所在省、自治区、直辖市口岸办公室或其他主管口岸工作的部门负责组织验收。
八、临时进出我国非开放区域的审批权限：
（一）临时从我国非开放的港口或沿海水域进出的中、外国籍船舶，由交通部审批，并报国务院口岸领导小组备案。报批前应征得军事主管部门和当地人民政府以及有关检查检验单位的同意，并安排好检查检验工作。
（二）临时从我国非开放机场起降的中、外国籍民用飞机，由中国民用航空局征得军事主管部门同意后审批，非民用飞机由军事主管部门审批，并报国务院口岸领导小组备案。报批前应征得当地人民政府和有关检查检验部门的同意，并安排好检查检验工作。
（三）临时从我国非开放的陆地边界区域进出境的中、外国籍车辆和人员，由省级人民政府审批。报批前应征得当地省军区和公安部门的同意，并安排好检查检验工作。
九、口岸开放应有计划地进行，按隶属关系分别列入国家或地方口岸开放计划。国务院有关部门和省、自治区、直辖市应将口岸开放计划（草案），于计划年度前两个月报国务院口岸领导小组，并抄报国家计委、劳动人事部和检查检验单位的有关主管部门。
十、开放口岸检查检验设施建设资金来源：
（一）中央管理的口岸，由中央负责解决；地方管理的口岸，由地方负责解决。
（二）国家新建开放的港口、码头、车站和机场（含军用改为军民合用的机场）等口岸建设项目（包括利用外资和中外合资项目），以及老口岸新建作业区和经济开发区的新港区等项目，所需联检场地应与港口、码头、车站、机场等主体工程统一规划。所需投资包括在主体工程之内。
检查检验单位办公、生活土建设施（包括宿舍）的投资，由口岸建设项目的主管部门组织有关单位研究，统一汇总报国家计委审批。批准后，投资划拨给口岸所在地的省、自治区、直辖市，由地方统一规划，统一设计施工。军用改建为军民合用机场的口岸项目，应事先征得空军或海军同意，如在机场内建设，建设单位可提出要求，由空军或海军统一规划。
（三）各部（局）直属的原有港口、码头、车站和机场需要对外开放时，所需联检场地，原则上要利用原有建筑设施。如确需扩建、新建，应由港口、码头、车站和机场的主管部门投资建设。检查检验单位的办公、生活土建设施（包括宿舍）的投资，原则上由各自主管部门解决。对确有困难的，国家或地方给予适当补助，由地方统一建设，投资交地方包干使用。
（四）地方新开口岸，所需联检场地和检查检验单位的办公、生活土建设施（包括宿舍），由地方统一投资，统一建设。
（五）国际海员俱乐部的建设规划和投资来源，比照（二）、（三）、（四）项规定解决。
（六）检查检验单位所需的交通工具、仪器设备等，由各自主管部门解决。
（七）联检场地内，划给检查检验单位的办公和业务用房（包括水、电、市内电话），应由港口、码头、车站和机场（包括军民合用的机场）的经营单位免费提供。
十一、本规定由国务院口岸领导小组办公室负责解释。
十二、本规定自发布之日起施行。

PROVISIONS OF THE STATE COUNCIL ON THE OPENING OF PORTS

Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
PROVISIONS OF THE STATE COUNCIL ON THE OPENING OF PORTS
(Promulgated on September 18, 1985)
With the development of our foreign trade, international exchanges and
tourisms, more ports will be opened. These Provisions are formulated in
order to strengthen the work in the examination and approval for opening
ports to foreign countries.
1. The term "ports" referred to in these Provisions denotes the harbours,
airports, stations, thoroughfares, etc., which are used for personnel,
goods or means of transport to enter or leave the country. The ports in
our country are divided into two categories. Category-1 ports refer to
those ports which have been opened upon the approval of the State Council
(including those administered by the Central Government and some of the
ports administered by the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government); category-2 ports refer to those
ports which have been opened upon approval by the people's governments at
the provincial level and are administered by them.
2. The opening and closing of ports shall be announced and executed after
the examination and approval by the State Council or the people's
governments at the provincial level.
3. Organs in charge of frontier inspection, Customs, harbour
superintendency, quarantine, quarantine for animals and plants, commodity
inspection, etc., as well as other port organs stipulated by State shall
be set up at the open ports according to the actual needs.
4. Criteria for the division of the two categories of ports:
(1) The following are category-1 ports:
A. ports open to vessels, planes, vehicles and other means of transport of
foreign nationality used to transport passengers and goods into or out of
China through sea, land or air;
B. ports for use only by Chinese vessels, planes and vehicles transporting
passengers and goods out of or into the country through sea, land or air;
C. spots on the sea within our territorial waters where vessels of foreign
nationality are allowed to enter or leave for the purpose of delivering
goods.
(2) The following are category-2 ports:
A. spots for loading and unloading, starting shipment and delivering goods
for Chinese vessels engaged in foreign trade where the formalities for
exit and entry inspection and examination are conducted by personnel sent
from other ports;
B. ports where border trade in small amounts and contacts between people
are carried out with local governments of neighbouring countries;
C. ports restricted to the exit or entry of the local residents in the
border areas.
5. The procedures for report and approval:
(1) Category-1 ports: the relevant ministries (or bureaus) or the people's
governments of the provinces where the harbours, wharves, stations,
airports and thoroughfares in question are situated shall, after
consultation with the military area commands, submit the application to
the State Council for approval, with copies of the application sent to the
Leading Group for Port Affairs of the State Council, the Headquarters of
the General Staff of the People's Liberation Army and the relevant
competent departments.
(2) Category-2 ports: The people's governments of the regions where the
ports in question are situated shall first obtain the agreement of the
military area commands concerned and the Navy, and hold consultations with
the units in charge of port inspection and examination. Applications shall
then be submitted to the people's governments at the provisional level for
approval, with copies of which sent to the Leading Group for Port Affairs
under the State Council and the relevant competent departments for the
record.
6. The following materials should be attached to application for opening a
port:
(1) A feasibility report, the materials concerning the basic conditions of
the ports, the volume of passenger transport and freight volume in the
last three years, and the potential economic results and the prospects for
development.
(2) The plan for the establishment of such port organs as offices in
charge of inspection and examination, offices for port affairs and
branches of the Bank of China, according to the task for transporting
passengers and goods.
(3) Plans for constructing inspection and examination grounds and for
building facilities for office work and the daily life of the staff
members, as well as investment budget and source of funds.
7. Final check-up and acceptance before a port is opened:
(1) Before a new port is opened, the establishment of organs and the
provisions of staff members of offices in charge of traffic safety, for
telecommunications, combined inspection and examination as well as
facilities for office work and daily life must go through the procedure of
final check-up and acceptance. New ports may be opened only after the
facilities are finally checked and accepted.
(2) The office of the Leading Group for Port Affairs of the State Council
shall be responsible for the check-up and acceptance of category-1 ports.
The offices for port affairs in the provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government or other competent
departments in charge of port affairs shall be responsible for the check-
up and acceptance of category-2 ports.
8. The competence for examination and approval of applications for
temporarily entry and exit at the non-open areas of our country:
(1) Applications by vessels of Chinese or foreign nationality for
temporarily entry or exit at non-open harbours or coastal waters of China
shall be examined and approved by the Ministry of Communications and
reported to the Leading Group for Port Affairs of the State Council for
the record. Before the applications are submitted for approval, the
agreement of the competent authorities for military affairs, the local
people's governments and the relevant units in charge of examination and
inspection shall be obtained, and the details of the examination and
inspection work shall be arranged.
(2) Applications by civil planes of Chinese or foreign nationality for
temporarily take-offs or landings at China's non-open airports shall be
examined and approved by the Civil Aviation Administration of China,
which, however, should obtain the agreement of the competent authorities
for military affairs. Applications by non-civil planes shall be examined
and approved by the competent authorities for military affairs. Both kinds
of applications must be reported to the Leading Group for Port Affairs of
the State Council for the record. Before the applications are submitted
for approval, the agreement of the local people's governments and the
relevant departments for examination and inspection should be obtained,
and the details of the examination and inspection work shall be arranged.
(3) Applications by vehicle and personnel of Chinese or foreign
nationality for temporarily entry and exit at our non-open border areas on
land shall be examined and approved by the people's governments at the
provincial level. Before the applications are submitted for approval, the
agreement of the relevant provincial military area command and the
department of public security shall be obtained, and the details of the
examination and inspection work shall be arranged.
9. New ports shall be opened according to the relevant State or local
plans. The competent departments under the State Council, and the
provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the
Central Government, shall send plans (drafts) of opening ports to the
Leading Group for Port Affairs of the State Council two months before a
planned year begins, with copies sent to the State Planning Commission,
the Ministry of Labour and Personnel and the relevant competent
departments of the units in charge of inspection and examination.
10. The sources of funds for building facilities for inspection and
examination at the open ports:
(1) The Central Government shall be responsible for providing the funds
for the ports under its administration. The local people's governments
shall be responsible for providing funds for the ports under their
administration.
(2) Where grounds for combined inspection and examinations are needed in
such port construction projects (including projects with foreign
investment and Chinese and foreign equity joint-venture projects) as
harbours, wharves, railway stations and airports (including those which
have been transformed from military airports used for both military and
civilian purposes) as well as in such projects as newly-built operation
areas at old ports and new harbour areas in economic development zones,
the construction of these grounds shall be incorporated into the plans of
the main projects of the prescribed harbours, wharves, railway stations
and airports. The investment needed for the construction of these grounds
shall be incorporated in the investment for the main projects. The
competent departments for port construction projects shall organize the
relevant units to carry out research on the investment structure for the
construction of the facilities for office work and for the daily life of
the staff members (including dormitories) of the units in charge of
inspection and examination and present itemized reports to the State
Planning Commission for examination and approval. After the approval is
obtained, the investment shall be transferred to the provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government where the
ports are situated. The local people's governments shall be responsible
for the unified planning, designing and construction of the ports. Where
military airports are to be transformed into airports for both military
and civilian purposes, agreement should be obtained from the Air Force or
the Navy beforehand. In the case that the construction is to be carried
out within the airports, the units responsible for the construction may
submit draft plans, which shall be incorporated in the unified plans of
the Air Force or the Navy.
(3) Where the existing harbours, wharves, railway stations and airports
directly under the administration of various ministries (or bureaus) need
to be opened, the grounds for combined inspection and examination for
these ports shall, in principle, be set up by making use of the existing
buildings and facilities. If it is necessary to extend the original
buildings or build new grounds for combined inspection and examination,
the competent departments for the harbours, wharves, railway stations and
airports shall be responsible for the investment. The investment for the
construction of the facilities for office work and the daily life of the
staff members (including dormitories) of the units in charge of inspection
and examination shall, in principle, be provided by their respective
competent departments. In the extreme cases of difficulty with respect to
investment, the State or the local governments may provide appropriate
subsidies. The investment shall be turned over to the relevant people's
governments, which are held responsible for the completion of the
construction.
(4) The local people's governments shall be responsible for the investment
and construction of the grounds for combined inspection and examination
and the infrastructure facilities for office work and the daily life of
the staff members (including dormitories) of the units in charge of
inspection and examination, which are needed in their newly-opened ports.
(5) The construction plans and sources of investment for international
seamen's clubs shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of
Paragraphs (2), (3) and (4) of this Article.
(6) The means of transport, instruments, equipment, etc., needed by the
units in charge of inspection and examination shall be provided by their
respective competent departments.
(7) Within grounds for combined inspection and examination, the rooms for
office work and other related purposes (including water, electricity and
inner-city telephone) which have been assigned to the units in charge of
inspection and examination shall be provided free of charge by the
business units of the harbours, wharves, railway stations and airports
(including those used for both military and civilian purposes).
11. These Provisions shall be interpreted by the office of the Leading
Group for Port Affairs of the State Council.


浙江省嘉兴市建设局


关于印发《嘉兴市区住宅小区竣工综合验收管理办法(试行)》的通知


市级各有关部门(单位)、秀城区建设与交通局、秀洲区建设局、市区各房地产开发企业：

现将《嘉兴市区住宅小区竣工综合验收管理办法(试行)》印发给你们，请遵照实施，在实施中遇到的问题，请及时向我局反映。

附：《嘉兴市区住宅小区竣工综合验收管理办法(试行)》


嘉兴市建设局
二00一年十一月五日


　第一条：为加强本市市区住宅小区竣工综合验收管理，规范住宅小区开发建设行为，提高住宅小区整体居住水平，根据国务院第248号《城市房地产开发经营管理条例》、建设部《城市住宅小区竣工综合验收管理办法》和《浙江省房地产开发管理条例》等法规，结合本市实际，制订本办法。

第二条：本市城市规划区范围内，规划总建筑面积在2万平方米以上，以住宅为主的单位建筑和综合性建筑群体(以下简称住宅小区)的竣工综合验收，适用本办法。

第三条：嘉兴市建设行政主管部门负责城市规划区内住宅小区竣工综合验收工作。

市房地产管理处受市建设行政主管部门的委托，负责市区住宅小区竣工综合验收的组织实施和日常管理工作。

秀城区、秀洲区建设行政主管部门按有关规定分别负责组织实施秀城新区、秀洲新区规划范围内的住宅小区竣工综合验收工作，验收结果应报送市建设行政主管部门备案。

第四条：市区住宅小区竣工综合验收小组由熟悉住宅建设和管理工作业务的专家及有关单位人员组成，并负责住宅小区竣工综合验收的评定工作。

第五条：申请住宅小区竣工综合验收，其开发建设工程应当首先通过以下验收，并取得单顶验收合格证明材料：

(一) 建设工程经规划部门验收并取得规划许可证正本。

(二) 建设工程经建筑业管理部门备案或经建筑质量监督部门验收：

(王) 小区内道路、给排水、环卫设施、园林绿化、燃气、节水设施等，经市城建管理部门验收；

(四) 小区及住宅组团的命名和幢号编制经地名管理部门正式确定；

(五) 小区内公共配套设施经房地产管理部门验收；

(六) 人防、供电、供热、邮政、通讯、消防等设施经相关专业管理部门验收；

(七) 城建档案管理部门验收。

第六条：申请住宅小区竣工综合验收应当具备以下条件：

(一) 除经批难停建、缓建的项目外，所有建设项目、建设内容按批准的住宅小区规划和有关专业管理要求、设计规范全部建成，达到符合使用要求，并已取得由各职能管理部门验收合格或备案的证明材料：

(二) 住宅小区内所有施工机器(具)、临时建筑物、构筑物、建筑残土、剩余构件全部拆除清运完毕，达到工完、场清、地平、无垃圾；

(三) 建设期间临时设置的架空电缆、电线、地面裸露的管线等已拆除或埋入地下；

(四) 住宅小区四周界限与小区外相连的道路、人行道、河道、围墙等设施建设，应当符合规划设计要求，并满足居住区居民生活和通行条件；

(五) 住宅小区内各建设项目的竣工图纸、资料齐全；

(六) 开发住宅小区的被拆迁户，已全部按拆迁安置方案落实；

(七) 住宅小区的物业管理已按市有关物业管理规定委托有资质的物业管理单位进行前期管理。

第七条：住宅小区竣工综合验收，开发建设单位须提交以下资料：

(一) 住宅小区竣工综合验收申报表、小区开发建设总结；

(二) 小区竣工总平面布置图(原件)、住宅小区土地使用权证、建设用地规划许可证、房地产开发项目合同、所有单体项目建设工程规划许可证、施工许可证、商品房预售证、单位工程竣工验收备案证明、各类地面、地下线路、管网图纸和有关设备设施技术档案资料；

(三) 本办法第六条规定的各专业单项验收合格证明(原件)；

(四) 住宅小区前期物业管理委托合同，物业清单及物业管理情况材料。

第八条：住宅小区竣工综合验收可申请分期验收。分期验收的住宅小区，由规划部门具体划分分期开发的规模、区域，每期验收面积原则上应达到小区规划总建筑面积的30％以上。申请分期验收的组团，应按规划总布、单体设计标难要求完成全部建设内容，达到本办法第五条、第六条规定条件。

第九条：住宅小区竣工综合验收按下列程序办理：

(一) 城市规划区范围内的住宅小区，开发建设单位向嘉兴市房地产管理处提出竣工综合验收申请报告，并提供本办法第七条规定的资料。

(二) 房地产管理处应在收齐开发建设单位提交的验收资料后于7个工作日内，发出验收与否通知单，对符合验收条件的，在10个工作日内组织验收小组进行住宅小区竣工综合验收评定。

(三) 验收评定分资料审核和现场验收两部分，验收评定后，由验收小组提出验收意见，并向市建设行政主管部门提交验收报台和综合验收意见书。验收结果以书面形式通知开发建设单位和各专业验收部门。

(四) 综合验收合格的，由市建设行政主管部门发给《嘉兴市区住宅小区竣工综合验收合格证》。

第十条：经竣工综合验收合格的住宅小区或实施分期验收合格的组团，开发建设单位在领取《嘉兴市区住宅小区竣工综合验收合格证》后，可办理有关房屋交付使用和管理移交手续。

第十一条：住宅小区竣工综合验收或分期验收不合格的，开发建设单位不得将房屋交付使用和办理房屋交接手续。同时必须按验收小组提出的整改内容意见和规定的期限进行整改。整改后将整改内容重新申报复验。

第十二条：住宅小区开发建设规模达到本办法第二条规定标难，建成或基本建成后不申报竣工综合验收或分期综合验收，擅自分期或逐幢办理交付使用的，根据建设部、省建设厅的有关规定予以处罚。

第十三条：将综合验收成分期验收不合格的房屋擅自交付使用的，由建设行政主管部门责令停止办理交付使用手续，并根据建设部及省建设厅的有关规定进行处罚。给购房人造成损失的，开发建设单位应当依法承担赔偿责任。

第十四条：住宅小区建设规模达到本办法第二条规定标准的在建小区，除已办理交付使用的房屋外，均按本办法执行。

第十五条：本办法自公布之日起执行。1994年8月6日嘉兴市城乡建设委员会印发的《嘉兴市城市住宅小区竣工综合验收管理实施意见》同时废止。